Pneumatic tire for vehicles.



No. 642,348. Patented Jan. 30, 1900. A. H. MARKS.

PNEUMATIC TIRE FOR-VEHICLES.

(Applimtion filed May 3, 1899.)

2 Sheets5heet I (No ModeL Patented Jan. 30, I900.

A. H. MARKS PNEUMATIC TIRE FOR VEHICLES.

(Application filed May 3, 1899.)

' (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Nrrnn terns PATENT intros.

ARTHUR ll. MARKS, OF AKRON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE DIAMOND RUBBER COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

PNEUMATKT TERE FOR VEl-HCLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 642,348, dated January 30, 1900. Application filed May 3, 1899. Serial No. 715,445. (No model.)

To MZ whom 2'6 may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR H. MARKS, of Akron, in the county of Summit and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Tires for Vehicles, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to pneumatic tires for vehicles, and more particularly to that class of pneumatic tires intended for use on carriages, buggies, automobiles, and similar vehicles, and has for its object to provide a tire of this character which will present a broad tread-surface by means of which its traction may be increased, said tire being adapted to resist puncture by reason of its construction and being adapted for production with a material saviugin the amount of rubber used.

To these ends my invention consists in certain novel features which I will now proceed to describe and will then particularly point out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view, partly in section, of a tire embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a trans-- verso sectional view thereof, and Fig. a perspective view illustrating the mode of. construction of the tire.

Referring to said drawings, I will first describe the manner in which my improved tire isconstructed or built up, the same being more particularly illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings, in whichlO indicates a mandrel which has a flattened portion 11 extending longitudinally thereof. Around this mandrel is formed a tube 12 of rubber, and this tube is in turn inclosed by or wrapped around with a wrapping of fabric 13. 'lwo'layers of this fabric (more or less} are first wrap ed around the rubber tube 12, and there is then formed upon the flattened portion of the fabric above the flattened side of the mandrel a body of rubber r4, built up in strips of successively decreasing width until the entire body is approximately circular in cross-section. The fabric is then again wrapped .around the partially-completed tire until farther away from the air-chamber than it nated by the numeral 15. A thickened tread portion 16 is then built up of strips of rubber, so as in forma broad.fiat tread-surface 17, and this rubber is also carried around the fabric 15, so that the whole tire is inclosed in a covering of rubber. The tire thus built up is vulcanized in a mold in the usual manner, and. it will of course be understood that during this operation the several parts of the rubber which are in contact with each other become one continuous body separated by the intervening, layers of fabric. The resultant product is the tire shown in Figs. land 2, which has a central air-space 18, flattened at one side, as shown at 19, and inclosed and defined by a tube 20 of rubber. This tube is in turn inclosed by a tube 21, formed of a number of layers or plies of fabric separated at the outer portion of the tire for the insertion between the said layers or plies of an insert 22 of rubber, so shaped that while the under side of the said insert and the fabric adjacent thereto are flattened to conformto the flattened outer wall of the air-chamber the outer portion of the rubber insert and that portion of the fabric tube which lies outward therefrom are so curved as to conform in a general way to a cylindrical shape. The tire is completed by an outer tube or covering .23 of rubber, having a very much thickened tread portion 24: and a broad fiat tread-stir face 25. The tire is of course provided with an air-inlet tube 26 to receive a valve-27, these parts being constructed in any approved manner.

It will be observed that the tire thus constructed presents a broad flat tread-surface, which not only gives a firmer support to the vehicle and enhances the easy riding qualicreased thickness of the tread reduces the liability to puncture, and this liability is flll'e ther decreased by the fact that the fabric 21 is carried out more closely to the tread and too ing a definite thickness of tread1l. e., a defi nite thickness of material between the treadsurface andthe flattened wall 19 of the air-chamber-while at the same time the size of the tire is not unduly increased, and a comparatively large amount of rubber is thereby saved. It will be seen that if the tire had an air-chamber circular in cross-section and of the same maximum diameter as that shown the diameter of the tire from treadsurface to its innermost surface would be materially increased and the amount of rubber employed correspondingly increased. It

will also be observed that the maximum radial thicknessot' the tire is found upon radial lines drawn from the center of the tire to the lines of junction of the flat tread-surface with the sides of the tire, so that a maximum of strength and consequent resist; ance against the severe strains brought upon the tire along these lines is obtained.

I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise details of construction hereinbctore described, and shown in the accompanying drawings, as it is obvious that the details may be varied without departing from the principle of my invention.

I claim 1. A pneumatic tire for automobiles and other heavy vehicles, consisting of an inner continuous tube ofrubber, an intermediate continuous tubular strengthening-jacket of fabric, and an outer covering of rubber, the outer portion whereof is thickened and flattened on its tread-surface, the several elements being united by vulcanization to form a single unitary tube, the body whereof is cylindrical, continuous and of equal thickness and strength throughout, except as to its tread portion, said tread portion being broad and flat and the air-chamber having that portion of its walls adjacent to the tread correspondingly flattened, whereby a thickened tread is produced without an undue increase in the diameter of the tire, the maximum radial thickness of the tire being upon radial lines extending from the center of the tire to the lines of junction of the flat tread with the sides thereof, substantially as described.

2. A pneumatic tire for vehicles, having a broad flat tread portion, an air-chamber correspondingly flattened on itsadjacent side to increase the thickness of the tread, and a tubular body of fabric embedded in the rubber and having its outer portion curved outward away from the air-chamber and toward the tread-surface of the tire, substantially as de scribed.

A pneumatic tire for vehicles, having a broad flat portion, an air-chamber having its outer wall flattened to increase the thickness of the tread, and a tubular body of fabric embedded in the rubber and composed of a plurality of layers or plies, the innermost of which follow the contour of the air-chamber, while the outer plies are curved outward away from the flattened wall of the air-chamber, a strip or insert of rubber being locate-din the space thus formed between the two sets of plies, substantially as described.

4. The hereinbefore described improvement in the method of constructing a pneumatic tire, consisting in forming upon a cylindrical mandrel having a flattened side a similarly-flattened tube of rubber, partially.

wrapping said tube with fabric, building out the flattened portion with rubber and completing the fabric wrapping to form a. substantially cylindrical body, andapplying an external covering of rubber, substantially as described.

5. The hereinbefore'-,described improvement in the method of constructing a pneumatic tire, consisting in forming upon a cylindrical mandrel having a flattened side a similarly-flattened tube of rubber, partially wrapping said tube with fabric, building out the flattened portion with rubber and completing the fabric wrapping to form a substantially cylindrical body, and applying to the exterior-of this body an outer coveringof rubber having a thickened tread portion with a broad (lat tread-surface on the same side of the tire as the flattened Wall of the mandrel, substantially as described.

ARTHUR II. MARKS.

Witnesses:

WALTER B. HARDY, WILLIA B. MEELER. 

